With the UK government set to ban the sale of petrol and diesel vehicles in the coming years, the transition to alternative energy sources for transport is no longer a choice but a necessity. The debate around electric vs hydrogen is becoming more prominent as businesses and individuals look for the most efficient and sustainable option.
“Every single major manufacturer is either looking at or working on hydrogen cars” Jon Hunt - Marketing Manager for Toyota and Head of Commercialisation of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles
While electric vehicles have gained mainstream popularity, hydrogen vehicles are also being explored as a potential solution for reducing emissions and ensuring long-range mobility. But which one is the better choice? This article delves into the core differences, advantages, and drawbacks of electric vs hydrogen vehicles to help you make an informed decision.
Understanding Electric Vehicles
Electric vehicles (EVs) rely on rechargeable batteries to power an electric motor, eliminating the need for fossil fuels. These vehicles store electricity and provide propulsion without producing tailpipe emissions, making them an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional cars.
EVs can be charged using public charging stations, home charging points, or workplace setups. Depending on the model and battery size, they offer a range between 100 and 300 miles per full charge.
According to a report by the Statista, the total electric car park of the United Kingdom reached over 1.47 million vehicles as of the fourth quarter of 2023. This was a year-over-year increase of 41 percent compared to the near 1.04 million electric vehicles recorded in 2022.
Advantages of Electric Vehicles
- Zero emissions – No greenhouse gases are emitted while driving.
- Lower running costs – Charging at home costs approximately £13 per full charge, significantly cheaper than fossil fuels.
- Government incentives – Grants are available for vehicle purchases and home charger installations.
- Better charging infrastructure – The UK has over 40,000 charging points, making it easier to recharge compared to hydrogen vehicles.
- Less noise pollution – EVs operate quietly, contributing to a quieter environment.
Disadvantages of Electric Vehicles
- Charging time – Full recharges can take several hours.
- Range limitations – Most EVs have a driving range of 100-300 miles, which is lower than hydrogen vehicles.
- Upfront costs – Though declining, EVs still have higher initial purchase prices compared to traditional vehicles.
Understanding Hydrogen Vehicles
Hydrogen vehicles, also known as fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), generate electricity through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. The only byproduct of this process is water, making them a highly sustainable alternative.
Refuelling a hydrogen vehicle is similar to filling up a petrol car, with the process taking only a few minutes. A full tank typically provides a range of 200-250 miles.
The UK Government's Hydrogen Strategy aims to expand refuelling stations to 100 by 2030, but currently, there are fewer than 15 hydrogen refuelling stations in the UK.
Advantages of Hydrogen Vehicles
- Faster refuelling – Takes just 3-5 minutes to fully refuel.
- Longer driving range – Offers 200-250 miles per tank, making it ideal for long journeys.
- Lightweight fuel cells – Hydrogen fuel cells are much lighter than large EV batteries.
- Better for commercial transport – Hydrogen is considered more viable for large fleets, buses, and lorries.
Disadvantages of Hydrogen Vehicles
- Limited refuelling stations – The UK currently has fewer than 15 hydrogen stations, making access difficult.
- Higher purchase costs – The Toyota Mirai costs around £60,000, whereas an EV like the Nissan Leaf starts at £20,000.
- Expensive refuelling – Hydrogen fuel costs between £10-£15 per kg, meaning a full tank can cost around £60-£75.
- Storage and safety concerns – Hydrogen is highly flammable, requiring careful handling and storage.
The Future of Green Transport: Will Hydrogen Catch Up?
At present, electric vehicles have taken the lead due to better infrastructure, lower costs, and greater accessibility. The UK government is investing heavily in EV charging stations, making it easier for businesses and individuals to transition to electric transport.
However, hydrogen vehicles could still play a role in the future, particularly in sectors requiring longer ranges and quick refuelling, such as freight transport and public transport. The challenge remains in developing cost-effective hydrogen production, distribution, and refuelling infrastructure.
A report by Transport & Environment suggests that hydrogen-powered trucks can travel up to 600 miles per tank, whereas electric trucks currently have a 250-350 mile range.
Rather than focusing solely on electric vs hydrogen, a dual approach may be the answer. While electric vehicles are more suitable for personal use and city driving, hydrogen vehicles may become essential for industries needing greater range and efficiency.
Planning Your Green Transport Future
The decision between electric vs hydrogen ultimately depends on usage needs, infrastructure availability, and cost considerations. Businesses and individuals must evaluate whether the convenience of electric vehicles outweighs the potential long-term benefits of hydrogen vehicles.
For fleet operators, logistics companies, and businesses reliant on transport, exploring both technologies will be key to ensuring efficiency and sustainability in the years ahead. Investing in the right green mobility solution will be crucial for long-term operational success.
Understanding the Best Fit for Your Transport Needs
Deciding between electric vehicles and hydrogen vehicles requires careful consideration of infrastructure, cost, and operational requirements. While electric vehicles currently offer greater accessibility and affordability for everyday use, hydrogen vehicles could be the answer for long-haul and commercial transport where range and quick refuelling are critical.
Future advancements in both technologies will continue shaping the transport industry. Keeping informed about charging infrastructure developments, government incentives, and technological innovations will help businesses and individuals make the best choice.
As the transition away from fossil fuels gains momentum, staying updated on new industry standards and breakthroughs is essential. Choosing the right alternative fuel vehicle will depend on your long-term objectives, driving patterns, and available support systems. Schedule a demo, to know more.